Alberta has proposed a bill that would limit the use of medically assisted dying - also known as voluntary euthanasia - in the Canadian province solely to end-of-life circumstances. In 2021, Canada expanded access to medically assisted dying, known domestically by the acronym Maid, to people with serious, incurable illnesses or disabilities, even if their death is not reasonably foreseeable. Canada is also due to expand access next year to people whose only medical condition is mental illness, though that has twice been delayed.

Alberta is the first jurisdiction in Canada to independently propose limits to the practice. Alberta Premier Danielle Smith stated that Maid should only be an option for those with no hope of recovery, highlighting that the legislation strengthens safeguards and restores clear limits on eligibility to protect vulnerable Albertans facing mental illness or disabilities.

The proposed legislation seeks to prohibit doctors from unilaterally raising Maid with patients and bans its public advertising in healthcare facilities. It would also enshrine conscience protections for healthcare professionals. Polls indicate there is broad support in Canada for medically assisted dying, but there remains widespread debate about its expansion and whether adequate safeguards are in place.

This law could affect how assisted dying is approached in Canada, where euthanasia was first legalized in 2016 for individuals with terminal illnesses, and has since expanded in scope. Supporters of the bill advocate for stronger protections, while critics argue it restricts patient autonomy and creates additional barriers for those suffering.